Veterinary Biologics Guideline 3.19: Guideline for Licensing Veterinary Diagnostic Test Kits in Canada – Canadian Food Inspection Agency

Under the Canadian Health of Animals Act (64.(1)(s)) and Regulations, diagnostic test kits must be demonstrated by the manufacturer to be pure, potent, safe, and effective according to the label claim.
— 在以下网站上阅读: www.inspection.gc.ca/animals/veterinary-biologics/guidelines-forms/3-19e/eng/1328630364471/1328630723713

FluNet

FluNet is a global web-based tool for influenza virological surveillance first launched in 1997. The virological data entered into FluNet, e.g. number of influenza viruses detected by subtype, are critical for tracking the movement of viruses globally and interpreting the epidemiological data. The data at country level are publically available and updated weekly. The results are presented in various formats including tables, maps and graphs. 

The data are provided remotely by National Influenza Centres (NICs) of the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) and other national influenza reference laboratories collaborating actively with GISRS, or are uploaded from WHO regional databases.

https://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/flunet/en/

FAO.org H7N9 situation update

Information provided herein is current as of the date of issue. Information added or changed since the last H7N9 situation update appears in red. Human cases are depicted in the geographic location of their report. For some cases, exposure may have occurred in one geographic location but reported in another. For cases with unknown onset date, reporting date was used instead. FAO compiles information drawn from multiple national (Ministries of Agriculture or Livestock, Ministries of Health, Provincial Government websites; Centers for Disease Prevention and Control [CDC]) and international sources (World Health Organization [WHO], World Organisation for Animal Health [OIE]) as well as peer-reviewed scientific articles. FAO makes every effort to ensure, but does not guarantee, accuracy, completeness or authenticity of the information. The designation employed and the presentation of material on the map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of FAO concerning the legal or constitutional status of any country, territory or sea area, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers.

FAO.org H7N9 situation update:

http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/H7N9/Situation_update.html

OFFLU guidance on animal influenza sequence databases

Genetic sequences provide key information about the evolutionary, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of influenza viruses; therefore timely deposition of sequence data is a crucial component in protecting animal and human health.

A Resolution has been unanimously voted by national representatives of 176 OIE Members for that purpose.

OFFLU urges laboratories and scientific institutions to deposit sequence data into publicly available databases. 

Currently, OFFLU recommends that data are deposited in any ‘publicly available database’ of the submitter’s choice. 

The following list provides links to several available influenza sequence databases:

If you are aware of any other publicly available influenza genetic sequence databases please contact the OFFLU Secretariat to let them know. 

OFFLU does not specifically endorse or recommend any particular database, the links are provided to enable scientists to choose the database that best suits their needs.

GB 4789.42—2016 食品安全国家标准 食品微生物学检验 诺如病毒检验

本标准规定了食品中诺如病毒 (Norovirus)的实时荧光RT-PCR检测方法 。

本标准适用于贝类,生食蔬菜,胡萝卜、瓜、坚果等硬质表面食品,草莓、西红柿、葡萄等软质水果等食品中诺如病毒核酸的检测。

5.1 病毒提取

注:样品处理一般应在4°C以下的环境中进行运输。实验室接到样品后应尽快进行检测,如果暂时不能检测应将 样品保存在-80°C冰箱中,试验前解冻。样品处理和PCR反应应在单独的工作区域或房间进行。每个样品可设置2~3个平行处理。

5.1.1 软质水果和生食蔬菜

5.1.2 硬质表面食品

5.1.3 贝类

5 .2 病毒RNA提取和纯化

注:病毒 RNA 可手工提取和纯化,也可使用商品化病毒 RNA 提取纯化试剂盒。提取完成后,为延长 RNA 保存时 间可选择性加入 RNase抑制剂。操作过程中应佩戴一次性橡胶或乳胶手套,并经常更换。提取出来的 RNA 立 即进行反应,或保存在4 °C小于8h。如果长期储存建议-80 °C保存。

5.2.1 病毒裂解

5.2.2 病毒RNA提取

5.2.3 病毒RNA纯化

5.3 质量控制

5.4 实时荧光RT-PCR

美国发布《应对全球灾难性生物风险的技术》报告

近日,美国约翰霍普金斯大学健康安全中心发布《应对全球灾难性生物风险的技术》报告,提出对15种新兴技术进行战略投资可帮助世界应对包括传染病爆发在内的全球灾难性生物风险。全球灾难性生物风险(Global Catastrophic Biological Risk, GCBR)作为传染病紧急事件的一个子集,是涉及生物制剂的一种特殊风险。该风险可导致超出国家和国际组织以及私营部门集体控制能力的广泛性的突发灾难。

《应对全球灾难性生物风险的技术》报告对15种有望减少GCBR的新兴技术进行了评估,包括每种技术的发展路径、投资金额、科学部署进程以及对减少生物威胁的潜在影响等,并将15种技术分成5大类:
1)疾病检测、监测和情境意识:无处不在的基因组测序和传感、用于环境检测的无人机网络、农业病原体遥感;
2)传染病诊断:微流体设备、手持式质谱、无细胞诊断;
3)分布式医学防护产品制造:化学品和生物制品的3D打印、制造医学防护产品的合成生物学;
4)医学防护产品分发、配药和管理:用于疫苗管理的微阵列贴片、自传播疫苗、细菌类口服疫苗、自身扩增mRNA疫苗、无人机医疗物资投送;
5)医疗保健和增援能力:机器人和远程医疗、便携式易用呼吸机。

报告指出,应用新兴技术能够提高国家响应生物威胁的速度、准确性、可扩展性和覆盖范围等,并建议成立一个由技术开发人员、公共卫生从业人员和政策制定者组成的联盟,了解与重大流行病和全球灾难性生物风险相关的紧迫问题,共同制定相应的技术解决方案。

http://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/our-work/pubs_archive/pubs-pdfs/2018/181009-gcbr-tech-report.pdf

ISO13485《医疗器械质量管理体系用于法规的要求》

1.起源:

ISO13485全称为《医疗器械质量管理体系用于法规的要求》,由ISO/TC210医疗器械质量管理和通用要求技术委员会制订。该组织于1994年由ISO成立,专门负责医疗器械质量管理和通用要求标准的制修订。

2.发展:

ISO13485:1996 ——ISO9000族标准1994年发布后,ISO/TC210以此标准为基础,结合医疗器械行业法规和特点,制订发布了第一版ISO13485。

ISO13485:2003 ——2003年7月发布。该版本基于ISO 9001:2000 的要求和架构,借鉴ISO9000族质量管理的原则、理念、方法及其质量管理体系模式,并结合医疗器械的特殊要求,进一步规范医疗器械生产,确保医疗器械安全有效。

ISO13485:2016 ——2016年3月发布。该版相比于2003版标准,加强了对医疗器械全生命周期的质量管理,与医疗器械法规的兼容性更强,强化了风险管理;通过采用该标准来提升企业设计开发和生产能力以及质量控制,并满足法规监管要求。值得注意的是,考虑到ISO13485已经成为很多国家和地区医疗器械法规的借鉴和参考标准,为实现医疗器械法规实施的相对稳定及医疗器械监管,新版ISO13485未采用ISO9001:2015的高层次结构框架,而是保留ISO13485:2003标准的总体结构。

3.影响:

目前,ISO13485标准已目前成为世界性的医疗器械监管模板。其中,如欧盟、加拿大、澳大利亚等国家和地区直接将其作为法规要求实施监管;而我国也将新版ISO13485进行了等同转化,2017年1月19日发布YY/T0287-2017 idt ISO13485:2016,并于2017年5月1日起正式实施。